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| − | {{rockpi4_header}}
| + | #REDIRECT [[Rockpi4/install/NVME]] |
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| − | {{Languages|rockpi4/Linux system runs on M.2 NVME SSD}}
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| − | [[rockpi4 | ROCK Pi 4]] > [[Rockpi4/Linux system runs on M.2 NVME SSD | Linux system runs on M.2 NVME SSD]]
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| − | __TOC__
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| − | It is exciting that, on ROCK Pi 4, NVME is able to boot from SPI Flash. Here is the tutorial about Linux system running on M.2 NVME SSD.
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| − | This tutorial applys to ROCK Pi 4A and ROCK Pi 4B.
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| − | == Prerequisites ==
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| − | To follow this tutorial, you will need:
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| − | * A well-running ROCK Pi with eMMC or Micro SD Card
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| − | * Linux system image for ROCK Pi 4
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| − | * SPI Flash image (ROCK Pi 4 u-boot image)
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| − | * SPI Flash IC on ROCK Pi 4
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| − | ** Single power supply voltage range: '''2.7~3.6V'''
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| − | ** Space: at least '''4MB'''
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| − | * M.2 NVME SSD with M.2 NVMe SSD Reader Adapter
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| − | ** Support brand: HP (HP SSD EX900 M.2 250GB), Intel, MaxMemory, KingSpec, etc
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| − | == Step 1 Install ROCK Pi 4 u-boot image to SPI Flash ==
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| − | There are two methods for installing u-boot image to SPI Flash, but you must installed the SPI Flash IC on your ROCK Pi4 before this methods.
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| − | Check if there is a SPI flash on ROCK Pi 4 board. See [[rockpi4/hardware/spi_flash | SPI Flash]].
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| − | === Method One: Write image to SPI flash from USB OTG port ===
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| − | Firstly, remove booting devices such as uSD card, eMMC, and M.2 NVME SSD from ROCK Pi 4.
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| − | Secondly, get ROCK Pi 4 u-boot image from [https://dl.radxa.com/rockpi/images/loader/spi here] . Select the target files, called uboot-trust-spi.img and rk3399_loader_spinor_v1.15.114.bin .
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| − | Thirdly, follow [[rockpi4/dev/spi-install | Write image to SPI flash from USB OTG port]] to flash image.
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| − | Finally, we can see that red(or blue) led is always on.
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| − | === Method Two: Write image to SPI flash using mtd tool ===
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| − | This method requires a running system ( [https://dl.radxa.com/rockpi/images/ubuntu/rockpi4b-ubuntu-bionic-minimal-20190104_2101-gpt.img.gz Ubuntu Server] or [https://dl.radxa.com/rockpi/images/debian/rockpi4_debian_stretch_lxde_armhf_20181105_2120-gpt.img.gz Debian Desktop] ) on ROCK Pi 4 board. So now power on the ROCK Pi 4. Maybe your ROCK Pi system is running on eMMC module or uSD card. It is OK.
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| − | Firstly, add Radxa APT source. The latest version of u-boot and kernel are still in testing.
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| − | For Debian stretch
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| − | $ export DISTRO=stretch-testing # update more frequently but maybe unstable
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| − | $ echo "deb http://apt.radxa.com/$DISTRO/ stretch main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/apt-radxa-com.list
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| − | or Ubuntu server
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| − | $ export DISTRO=bionic-testing # update more frequently but maybe unstable
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| − | $ echo "deb http://apt.radxa.com/$DISTRO/ bionic main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/apt-radxa-com.list
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| − | Get the pub key
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| − | $ wget -O - apt.radxa.com/$DISTRO/public.key | sudo apt-key add -
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| − | Update APT
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| − | $ sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade
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| − | Install necessary packages
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| − | $ sudo apt-get install -y rockchip-fstab
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| − | $ sudo apt-get install -y rockchip-overlay
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| − | $ sudo apt-get install -y rockpi4-dtbo
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| − | $ sudo apt-get install -y linux-4.4-latest # Will update kernel
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| − | Update u-boot in uSD card or eMMC:
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| − | $ sudo apt-get install -y rockpi4b-rk-u-boot-latest
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| − | Screen shows
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| − | ...
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| − | You are currently running on board:
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| − | ROCK PI 4B
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| − | There will be two steps that you have to confirm. One is upgrading bootloader on SPI Flash.
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| − | The other is upgrading bootloader on eMMC or uSD card.
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| − | Step one: upgrade bootloader on SPI Flash
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| − | Boot device, SPI Flash, is not found. Make sure there is one SPI Flash on board.
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| − | You can install package rockpi4-dtbo later manually and uncomment three lines in file /boot/hw_intfc.conf.
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| − | intfc:uart4=off
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| − | intfc:spi1=on
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| − | intfc:dtoverlay=spi1-flash
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| − | After restarting the Pi, execute command, /usr/local/sbin/rockpi4b_upgrade_bootloader.sh.
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| − | Step two: upgrade bootloader on uSD card or eMMC.
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| − | Boot device, uSD card or eMMC, is found. Would you like to upgrade bootloader on it?
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| − | If yes, type Y/y. If no, type N/n.
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| − | Just type '''Y''' or '''y'''.
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| − | y
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| − | Backup bootloader on boot device (/dev/mmcblk1p2).
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| − | 8192+0 records in
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| − | 8192+0 records out
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| − | 4194304 bytes (4.2 MB, 4.0 MiB) copied, 0.107356 s, 39.1 MB/s
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| − | Overwrite bootloader to boot device (/dev/mmcblk1p2).
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| − | 2048+0 records in
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| − | 2048+0 records out
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| − | 1048576 bytes (1.0 MB, 1.0 MiB) copied, 0.140072 s, 7.5 MB/s
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| − | Done.
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| − | Modify file, /boot/hw_intfc.conf. Uncomment these lines.
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| − | intfc:uart4=off
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| − | intfc:spi1=on
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| − | intfc:dtoverlay=spi1-flash
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| − | Reboot the machine.
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| − | After login, there is a device '''/dev/mtd0'''.
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| − | $ ls /dev/mtd*
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| − | /dev/mtd0 /dev/mtd0ro /dev/mtdblock0
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| − | Execute command
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| − | $ sudo /usr/local/sbin/rockpi4b_upgrade_bootloader.sh
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| − | Screen shows
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| − | You are currently running on board:
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| − | ROCK PI 4B
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| − | There will be two steps that you have to confirm. One is upgrading bootloader on SPI Flash.
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| − | The other is upgrading bootloader on eMMC or uSD card.
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| − | Step one: upgrade bootloader on SPI Flash
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| − | One boot device, SPI Flash, is found, would you like to upgrade bootloader on it?
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| − | The installation would cost several minutes.
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| − | If yes, type Y/y. If no, type N/n.
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| − | Just type '''Y''' or '''y'''.
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| − | y
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| − | Overwrite bootloader to SPI Flash device.
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| − | Writing /dev/mtd0 with content of /usr/lib/u-boot-rockpi4b/spi/uboot-trust-spi.img
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| − | Erasing 4 Kibyte @ 3ff000 -- 100 % complete
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| − | Writing data to block 0 at offset 0x0
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| − | Writing data to block 1 at offset 0x1000
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| − | Writing data to block 2 at offset 0x2000
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| − | Writing data to block 3 at offset 0x3000
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| − | Writing data to block 4 at offset 0x4000
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| − | ...
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| − | Writing data to block 1020 at offset 0x3fc000
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| − | Writing data to block 1021 at offset 0x3fd000
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| − | Writing data to block 1022 at offset 0x3fe000
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| − | Writing data to block 1023 at offset 0x3ff000
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| − | Step two: upgrade bootloader on uSD card or eMMC
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| − | Boot device, uSD card or eMMC, is found. Would you like to upgrade bootloader on it?
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| − | If yes, type Y/y. If no, type N/n.
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| − | Type '''N''' or '''n'''.
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| − | n
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| − | Do not overwrite bootloader to uSD card or eMMC device.
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| − | You can upgrade it by executing /usr/local/sbin/rockpi4b_upgrade_bootloader.sh later.
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| − | Done.
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| − | == Step 2 Install ROCK Pi 4 system image to M.2 NVME SSD ==
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| − | It is convenient to install system image to M.2 NVME SSD. System images used includes [https://dl.radxa.com/rockpi/images/ubuntu/rockpi4b-ubuntu-bionic-minimal-20190104_2101-gpt.img.gz Ubuntu Server] and [https://dl.radxa.com/rockpi/images/debian/rockpi4_debian_stretch_lxde_armhf_20181105_2120-gpt.img.gz Debian Desktop].
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| − | Put the M.2 NVME SSD into M.2 NVMe SSD Reader Adapter, and then insert them to PC.
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| − | When they are ready, use tool command '''dd''' or APP '''Etcher''' to install system image to M.2 NVME SSD.
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| − | ==== Use Etcher APP====
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| − | Click [https://wiki.radxa.com/Rockpi4/install/NVME here].
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| − | ==== Use tool command "dd"====
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| − | Get your NVME SSD device path:
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| − | sudo fdisk -l
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| − | You can see the out put message just like this:
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| − | Disk '''/dev/nvme0n1''': 232.9 GiB, 250059350016 bytes, 488397168 sectors #The '/dev/nvme0n1' is your NVME SSD device path
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| − | Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
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| − | Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
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| − | I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
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| − | Write Image:
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| − | sudo dd if=''''your image path'''' of=''''your NVME SSD device path'''' bs=1M
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| − | #such as: sudo dd if=rockpi4-debian-stretch-desktop-arm64-20190710_1940-gpt.img of=/dev/nvme0n1 bs=1M
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| − | == Step 3 Test M.2 NVME SSD booting from SPI Flash ==
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| − | Power off ROCK Pi 4, remove eMMC module or uSD Card from ROCK Pi 4 since there is system image in eMMC module or uSD Card.
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| − | Insert M.2 NVME SSD into ROCK Pi 4.
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| − | Power on ROCK Pi 4 and the system runs on M.2 NVME SSD. Now we need to checkout some important information.
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| − | lsusb to see whether the fourth partition is mounted on /boot directory. If not, just install package, rockchip-fstab, which will add the following lines in file /etc/fstab. If the contents of /etc/fstab are incorrect, just modify it. Then do '''sudo mount -a'''.
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| − | The contents of files /etc/fstab.
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| − | # UNCONFIGURED FSTAB FOR BASE SYSTEM
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| − | # /etc/fstab: static file system information.
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| − | #
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| − | # <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass>
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| − | /dev/nvme0n1p4 /boot vfat defaults 0 2
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| − | '''lsusb''' should show like this when system runs on M.2 NVMEE SSD.
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| − | root@linaro-alip:/boot# lsblk
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| − | NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
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| − | nvme0n1 259:0 0 232.9G 0 disk
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| − | ├─nvme0n1p1 259:1 0 3.9M 0 part
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| − | ├─nvme0n1p2 259:2 0 4M 0 part
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| − | ├─nvme0n1p3 259:3 0 4M 0 part
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| − | ├─nvme0n1p4 259:4 0 112M 0 part /boot
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| − | └─nvme0n1p5 259:5 0 232.8G 0 part /
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| − | Since the fourth partition, /dev/nvme0n1p4, is mounted on /boot directory. Now need to update necessary u-boot and kernel packages.
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| − | $ sudo apt-get install -y rockchip-overlay
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| − | $ sudo apt-get install -y linux-4.4-latest rockpi4-dtbo rockpi4b-rk-u-boot-latest
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| − | Modify file, /boot/hw_intfc.conf. Uncomment these lines. Thus we can use SPI Flash device (/dev/mtd0)
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| − | intfc:uart4=off
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| − | intfc:spi1=on
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| − | intfc:dtoverlay=spi1-flash
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| − | Reboot the Pi.
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| − | == FAQs ==
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| − | * u-boot supporting NVME booting verison
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| − | ** 2017.09-2676-g4490220395 (or newer)
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| − | * kernel version
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| − | ** 4.4.154-87-rockchip-00029-g8216f17 (or newer)
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| − | * rockpi4-dtbo version
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| − | ** 1.1 (or newer)
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| − | * Debug log
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| − | rock@ubuntu:~$ ls /dev/mtd*
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| − | /dev/mtd0 /dev/mtd0ro /dev/mtdblock0
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| − | rock@ubuntu:~$ cat /proc/mtd
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| − | dev: size erasesize name
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| − | mtd0: 00400000 00001000 "loader"
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| − | rock@ubuntu:~$ sudo dmesg | grep spi
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| − | [sudo] password for rock:
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| − | [ 2.227001] rockchip-spi ff1d0000.spi: Failed to request TX DMA channel
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| − | [ 2.227587] rockchip-spi ff1d0000.spi: Failed to request RX DMA channel
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| − | [ 2.228171] rockchip-spi ff1d0000.spi: no high_speed pinctrl state
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| − | [ 2.229257] m25p80 spi32766.0: xt25f32b (4096 Kbytes)
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| − | [ 2.229715] 1 ofpart partitions found on MTD device spi32766.0
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| − | [ 2.230273] Creating 1 MTD partitions on "spi32766.0":
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| − | * Verified SPI Flash
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| − | ** W25Q64FV
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| − | ** GD25Q127CSIG
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| − | ** XT25F32B
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| − | ** XT25F128B
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| − | * How to know that the image has been successfully installed to SPI Flash?
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| − | ** For the newest version of u-boot, when it runs, the red(or blue) led is on.
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| − | ** You can remove booting devices such as uSD card, eMMC module and so on. Power on ROCK Pi 4 with SPI Flash on board to see if the red(or blue) led is on. If yes, it means that you make it.
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| − | * Check if there is a SPI flash on ROCK Pi 4 board. See [[rockpi4/hardware/spi_flash | SPI Flash]].
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| − | == Troubleshooting ==
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| − | * If you have a issue, start a new post on the forum. https://forum.radxa.com/
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