|
|
| (6 intermediate revisions by 4 users not shown) |
| Line 1: |
Line 1: |
| − | {{rockpi4_header}}
| + | #REDIRECT [[Rockpi4/install/NVME]] |
| − | | + | |
| − | {{Languages|rockpi4/Linux system runs on M.2 NVME SSD}}
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | [[rockpi4 | ROCK Pi 4]] > [[Rockpi4/Linux system runs on M.2 NVME SSD | Linux system runs on M.2 NVME SSD]]
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | __TOC__
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | It is exciting that, on ROCK Pi 4, NVME is able to boot from SPI Flash. Here is the tutorial about Linux system running on M.2 NVME SSD.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | This tutorial applys to ROCK Pi 4A and ROCK Pi 4B.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | == Prerequisites ==
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | To follow this tutorial, you will need:
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | * A well-running ROCK Pi with eMMC or Micro SD Card
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | * Linux system image for ROCK Pi 4
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | * SPI Flash image (ROCK Pi 4 u-boot image)
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | * SPI Flash IC on ROCK Pi 4
| + | |
| − | ** Single power supply voltage range: '''2.7~3.6V'''
| + | |
| − | ** Space: at least '''4MB'''
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | * M.2 NVME SSD with M.2 NVMe SSD Reader Adapter
| + | |
| − | ** Support brand: HP (HP SSD EX900 M.2 250GB), Intel, MaxMemory, KingSpec, etc
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | == Step 1 Install ROCK Pi 4 u-boot image to SPI Flash ==
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | There are two methods for installing u-boot image to SPI Flash, but you must installed the SPI Flash IC on your ROCK Pi4 before this methods.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | Check if there is a SPI flash on ROCK Pi 4 board. See [[rockpi4/hardware/spi_flash | SPI Flash]].
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | === Method One: Write image to SPI flash from USB OTG port ===
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | Firstly, remove booting devices such as uSD card, eMMC, and M.2 NVME SSD from ROCK Pi 4.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | Secondly, get ROCK Pi 4 u-boot image from [https://dl.radxa.com/rockpi/images/loader/spi here] . Select the target files, called uboot-trust-spi.img and rk3399_loader_spinor_v1.15.114.bin .
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | Thirdly, follow [[rockpi4/dev/spi-install | Write image to SPI flash from USB OTG port]] to flash image.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | Finally, we can see that red(or blue) led is always on.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | === Method Two: Write image to SPI flash using mtd tool ===
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | This method requires a running system ( [https://dl.radxa.com/rockpi/images/ubuntu/rockpi4b-ubuntu-bionic-minimal-20190104_2101-gpt.img.gz Ubuntu Server] or [https://dl.radxa.com/rockpi/images/debian/rockpi4_debian_stretch_lxde_armhf_20181105_2120-gpt.img.gz Debian Desktop] ) on ROCK Pi 4 board. So now power on the ROCK Pi 4. Maybe your ROCK Pi system is running on eMMC module or uSD card. It is OK.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | Firstly, add Radxa APT source. The latest version of u-boot and kernel are still in testing.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | For Debian stretch
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | $ export DISTRO=stretch-testing # update more frequently but maybe unstable
| + | |
| − | $ echo "deb http://apt.radxa.com/$DISTRO/ stretch main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/apt-radxa-com.list
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | or Ubuntu server
| + | |
| − | $ export DISTRO=bionic-testing # update more frequently but maybe unstable
| + | |
| − | $ echo "deb http://apt.radxa.com/$DISTRO/ bionic main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/apt-radxa-com.list
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | Get the pub key
| + | |
| − | $ wget -O - apt.radxa.com/$DISTRO/public.key | sudo apt-key add -
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | Update APT
| + | |
| − | $ sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | Install necessary packages
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | $ sudo apt-get install -y rockchip-fstab
| + | |
| − | $ sudo apt-get install -y rockchip-overlay
| + | |
| − | $ sudo apt-get install -y rockpi4-dtbo
| + | |
| − | $ sudo apt-get install -y linux-4.4-latest # Will update kernel
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | Update u-boot in uSD card or eMMC:
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | $ sudo apt-get install -y rockpi4b-rk-u-boot-latest
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | Screen shows
| + | |
| − | ...
| + | |
| − | You are currently running on board:
| + | |
| − | ROCK PI 4B
| + | |
| − | There will be two steps that you have to confirm. One is upgrading bootloader on SPI Flash.
| + | |
| − | The other is upgrading bootloader on eMMC or uSD card.
| + | |
| − |
| + | |
| − | Step one: upgrade bootloader on SPI Flash
| + | |
| − | Boot device, SPI Flash, is not found. Make sure there is one SPI Flash on board.
| + | |
| − | You can install package rockpi4-dtbo later manually and uncomment three lines in file /boot/hw_intfc.conf.
| + | |
| − | intfc:uart4=off
| + | |
| − | intfc:spi1=on
| + | |
| − | intfc:dtoverlay=spi1-flash
| + | |
| − | After restarting the Pi, execute command, /usr/local/sbin/rockpi4b_upgrade_bootloader.sh.
| + | |
| − |
| + | |
| − | Step two: upgrade bootloader on uSD card or eMMC.
| + | |
| − | Boot device, uSD card or eMMC, is found. Would you like to upgrade bootloader on it?
| + | |
| − | If yes, type Y/y. If no, type N/n.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | Just type '''Y''' or '''y'''.
| + | |
| − | y
| + | |
| − | Backup bootloader on boot device (/dev/mmcblk1p2).
| + | |
| − | 8192+0 records in
| + | |
| − | 8192+0 records out
| + | |
| − | 4194304 bytes (4.2 MB, 4.0 MiB) copied, 0.107356 s, 39.1 MB/s
| + | |
| − | Overwrite bootloader to boot device (/dev/mmcblk1p2).
| + | |
| − | 2048+0 records in
| + | |
| − | 2048+0 records out
| + | |
| − | 1048576 bytes (1.0 MB, 1.0 MiB) copied, 0.140072 s, 7.5 MB/s
| + | |
| − | Done.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | Modify file, /boot/hw_intfc.conf. Uncomment these lines.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | intfc:uart4=off
| + | |
| − | intfc:spi1=on
| + | |
| − | intfc:dtoverlay=spi1-flash
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | Reboot the machine.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | After login, there is a device '''/dev/mtd0'''.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | $ ls /dev/mtd*
| + | |
| − | /dev/mtd0 /dev/mtd0ro /dev/mtdblock0
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | Execute command
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | $ sudo /usr/local/sbin/rockpi4b_upgrade_bootloader.sh
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | Screen shows
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | You are currently running on board:
| + | |
| − | ROCK PI 4B
| + | |
| − | There will be two steps that you have to confirm. One is upgrading bootloader on SPI Flash.
| + | |
| − | The other is upgrading bootloader on eMMC or uSD card.
| + | |
| − |
| + | |
| − | Step one: upgrade bootloader on SPI Flash
| + | |
| − | One boot device, SPI Flash, is found, would you like to upgrade bootloader on it?
| + | |
| − | The installation would cost several minutes.
| + | |
| − | If yes, type Y/y. If no, type N/n.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | Just type '''Y''' or '''y'''.
| + | |
| − | y
| + | |
| − | Overwrite bootloader to SPI Flash device.
| + | |
| − | Writing /dev/mtd0 with content of /usr/lib/u-boot-rockpi4b/spi/uboot-trust-spi.img
| + | |
| − | Erasing 4 Kibyte @ 3ff000 -- 100 % complete
| + | |
| − | Writing data to block 0 at offset 0x0
| + | |
| − | Writing data to block 1 at offset 0x1000
| + | |
| − | Writing data to block 2 at offset 0x2000
| + | |
| − | Writing data to block 3 at offset 0x3000
| + | |
| − | Writing data to block 4 at offset 0x4000
| + | |
| − | ...
| + | |
| − | Writing data to block 1020 at offset 0x3fc000
| + | |
| − | Writing data to block 1021 at offset 0x3fd000
| + | |
| − | Writing data to block 1022 at offset 0x3fe000
| + | |
| − | Writing data to block 1023 at offset 0x3ff000
| + | |
| − |
| + | |
| − | Step two: upgrade bootloader on uSD card or eMMC
| + | |
| − | Boot device, uSD card or eMMC, is found. Would you like to upgrade bootloader on it?
| + | |
| − | If yes, type Y/y. If no, type N/n.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | Type '''N''' or '''n'''.
| + | |
| − | n
| + | |
| − | Do not overwrite bootloader to uSD card or eMMC device.
| + | |
| − | You can upgrade it by executing /usr/local/sbin/rockpi4b_upgrade_bootloader.sh later.
| + | |
| − | Done.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | == Step 2 Install ROCK Pi 4 system image to M.2 NVME SSD ==
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | It is convenient to install system image to M.2 NVME SSD. System images used includes [https://dl.radxa.com/rockpi/images/ubuntu/rockpi4b-ubuntu-bionic-minimal-20190104_2101-gpt.img.gz Ubuntu Server] and [https://dl.radxa.com/rockpi/images/debian/rockpi4_debian_stretch_lxde_armhf_20181105_2120-gpt.img.gz Debian Desktop].
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | Put the M.2 NVME SSD into M.2 NVMe SSD Reader Adapter, and then insert them to PC.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | When they are ready, use tool command '''dd''' or APP '''Etcher''' to install system image to M.2 NVME SSD.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | ==== Use Etcher APP====
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | Click [https://wiki.radxa.com/Rockpi4/install/NVME here].
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | ==== Use tool command "dd"====
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | Get your NVME SSD device path:
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | sudo fdisk -l
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | You can see the out put message just like this:
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | Disk '''/dev/nvme0n1''': 232.9 GiB, 250059350016 bytes, 488397168 sectors #The '/dev/nvme0n1' is your NVME SSD device path
| + | |
| − | Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
| + | |
| − | Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
| + | |
| − | I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | Write Image:
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | sudo dd if=''''your image path'''' of=''''your NVME SSD device path'''' bs=1M
| + | |
| − | #such as: sudo dd if=rockpi4-debian-stretch-desktop-arm64-20190710_1940-gpt.img of=/dev/nvme0n1 bs=1M
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | == Step 3 Test M.2 NVME SSD booting from SPI Flash ==
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | Power off ROCK Pi 4, remove eMMC module or uSD Card from ROCK Pi 4 since there is system image in eMMC module or uSD Card.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | Insert M.2 NVME SSD into ROCK Pi 4.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | Power on ROCK Pi 4 and the system runs on M.2 NVME SSD. Now we need to checkout some important information.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | lsusb to see whether the fourth partition is mounted on /boot directory. If not, just install package, rockchip-fstab, which will add the following lines in file /etc/fstab. If the contents of /etc/fstab are incorrect, just modify it. Then do '''sudo mount -a'''.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | The contents of files /etc/fstab.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | # UNCONFIGURED FSTAB FOR BASE SYSTEM
| + | |
| − | # /etc/fstab: static file system information.
| + | |
| − | #
| + | |
| − | # <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass>
| + | |
| − |
| + | |
| − | /dev/nvme0n1p4 /boot vfat defaults 0 2
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | '''lsusb''' should show like this when system runs on M.2 NVMEE SSD.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | root@linaro-alip:/boot# lsblk
| + | |
| − | NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
| + | |
| − | nvme0n1 259:0 0 232.9G 0 disk
| + | |
| − | ├─nvme0n1p1 259:1 0 3.9M 0 part
| + | |
| − | ├─nvme0n1p2 259:2 0 4M 0 part
| + | |
| − | ├─nvme0n1p3 259:3 0 4M 0 part
| + | |
| − | ├─nvme0n1p4 259:4 0 112M 0 part /boot
| + | |
| − | └─nvme0n1p5 259:5 0 232.8G 0 part /
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | Since the fourth partition, /dev/nvme0n1p4, is mounted on /boot directory. Now need to update necessary u-boot and kernel packages.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | $ sudo apt-get install -y rockchip-overlay
| + | |
| − | $ sudo apt-get install -y linux-4.4-latest rockpi4-dtbo rockpi4b-rk-u-boot-latest
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | Modify file, /boot/hw_intfc.conf. Uncomment these lines. Thus we can use SPI Flash device (/dev/mtd0)
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | intfc:uart4=off
| + | |
| − | intfc:spi1=on
| + | |
| − | intfc:dtoverlay=spi1-flash
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | Reboot the Pi.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | == FAQs ==
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | * u-boot supporting NVME booting verison
| + | |
| − | ** '''2017.09-2676-g4490220395''' (or newer)
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | * kernel version
| + | |
| − | ** '''4.4.154-90-rockchip-ga14f6502e045''' (or newer)
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | * rockpi4-dtbo version
| + | |
| − | ** 4 (or newer)
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | * Debug log
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | rock@ubuntu:~$ ls /dev/mtd*
| + | |
| − | /dev/mtd0 /dev/mtd0ro /dev/mtdblock0
| + | |
| − |
| + | |
| − | rock@ubuntu:~$ cat /proc/mtd
| + | |
| − | dev: size erasesize name
| + | |
| − | mtd0: 00400000 00001000 "loader"
| + | |
| − |
| + | |
| − | rock@ubuntu:~$ sudo dmesg | grep spi
| + | |
| − | [sudo] password for rock:
| + | |
| − | [ 2.227001] rockchip-spi ff1d0000.spi: Failed to request TX DMA channel
| + | |
| − | [ 2.227587] rockchip-spi ff1d0000.spi: Failed to request RX DMA channel
| + | |
| − | [ 2.228171] rockchip-spi ff1d0000.spi: no high_speed pinctrl state
| + | |
| − | [ 2.229257] m25p80 spi32766.0: xt25f32b (4096 Kbytes)
| + | |
| − | [ 2.229715] 1 ofpart partitions found on MTD device spi32766.0
| + | |
| − | [ 2.230273] Creating 1 MTD partitions on "spi32766.0":
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | * Verified SPI Flash
| + | |
| − | ** W25Q64FV
| + | |
| − | ** GD25Q127CSIG
| + | |
| − | ** XT25F32B
| + | |
| − | ** XT25F128B
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | * How to know that the image has been successfully installed to SPI Flash?
| + | |
| − | ** For the newest version of u-boot, when it runs, the red(or blue) led is on.
| + | |
| − | ** You can remove booting devices such as uSD card, eMMC module and so on. Power on ROCK Pi 4 with SPI Flash on board to see if the red(or blue) led is on. If yes, it means that you make it.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | * Check if there is a SPI flash on ROCK Pi 4 board. See [[rockpi4/hardware/spi_flash | SPI Flash]].
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | == Troubleshooting ==
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | * If you have a issue, start a new post on the forum. https://forum.radxa.com/
| + | |
