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Difference between revisions of "Rockpi4/Linux system runs on M.2 NVME SSD"

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{{rockpi4_header}}
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#REDIRECT [[Rockpi4/install/NVME]]
 
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{{Languages|rockpi4/Linux system runs on M.2 NVME SSD}}
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    [[rockpi4 | ROCK Pi 4]] > [[Rockpi4/Linux system runs on M.2 NVME SSD | Linux system runs on M.2 NVME SSD]]
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__TOC__
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It is exciting that, on ROCK Pi 4, NVME is able to boot from SPI Flash. Here is the tutorial about Linux system running on M.2 NVME SSD.
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This tutorial applys to ROCK Pi 4A and ROCK Pi 4B.
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== Prerequisites ==
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To follow this tutorial, you will need:
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* A well-running ROCK Pi with eMMC or Micro SD Card
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* Linux system image for ROCK Pi 4
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* SPI Flash image (ROCK Pi 4 u-boot image)
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* SPI Flash IC on ROCK Pi 4
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** Single power supply voltage range: '''2.7~3.6V'''
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** Space: at least '''4MB'''
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* M.2 NVME SSD with M.2 NVMe SSD Reader Adapter
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** Support brand: HP (HP SSD EX900 M.2 250GB), Intel, MaxMemory, KingSpec, etc
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== Step 1 Install ROCK Pi 4 u-boot image to SPI Flash ==
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There are two methods for installing u-boot image to SPI Flash, but you must installed the SPI Flash IC on your ROCK Pi4 before this methods.
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Check if there is a SPI flash on ROCK Pi 4 board. See [[rockpi4/hardware/spi_flash | SPI Flash]].
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=== Method One: Write image to SPI flash from USB OTG port ===
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Firstly, remove booting devices such as uSD card, eMMC, and M.2 NVME SSD from ROCK Pi 4.
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Secondly, get ROCK Pi 4 u-boot image from [https://dl.radxa.com/rockpi/images/loader/spi here] . Select the target files, called uboot-trust-spi.img and rk3399_loader_spinor_v1.15.114.bin .
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Thirdly, follow [[rockpi4/dev/spi-install | Write image to SPI flash from USB OTG port]] to flash image.
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Finally, we can see that red(or blue) led is always on.
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=== Method Two: Write image to SPI flash using mtd tool ===
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This method requires a running system ( [https://dl.radxa.com/rockpi/images/ubuntu/rockpi4b-ubuntu-bionic-minimal-20190104_2101-gpt.img.gz Ubuntu Server] or [https://dl.radxa.com/rockpi/images/debian/rockpi4_debian_stretch_lxde_armhf_20181105_2120-gpt.img.gz Debian Desktop] ) on ROCK Pi 4 board. So now power on the ROCK Pi 4. Maybe your ROCK Pi system is running on eMMC module or uSD card. It is OK.
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Firstly, add Radxa APT source. The latest version of u-boot and kernel are still in testing.
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For Debian stretch
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  $ export DISTRO=stretch-testing # update more frequently but maybe unstable
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  $ echo "deb http://apt.radxa.com/$DISTRO/ stretch main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/apt-radxa-com.list
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or Ubuntu server
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  $ export DISTRO=bionic-testing # update more frequently but maybe unstable
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  $ echo "deb http://apt.radxa.com/$DISTRO/ bionic main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/apt-radxa-com.list
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Get the pub key
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  $ wget -O -  apt.radxa.com/$DISTRO/public.key | sudo apt-key add -
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Update APT
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  $ sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade
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Install necessary packages
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  $ sudo apt-get install -y rockchip-fstab
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  $ sudo apt-get install -y rockchip-overlay
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  $ sudo apt-get install -y rockpi4-dtbo
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  $ sudo apt-get install -y linux-4.4-latest # Will update kernel
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Update u-boot in uSD card or eMMC:
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  $ sudo apt-get install -y rockpi4b-rk-u-boot-latest
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Screen shows
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  ...
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  You are currently running on board:
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  ROCK PI 4B
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  There will be two steps that you have to confirm. One is upgrading bootloader on SPI Flash.
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  The other is upgrading bootloader on eMMC or uSD card.
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  Step one: upgrade bootloader on SPI Flash
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  Boot device, SPI Flash, is not found. Make sure there is one SPI Flash on board.
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  You can install package rockpi4-dtbo later manually and uncomment three lines in file /boot/hw_intfc.conf.
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  intfc:uart4=off
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  intfc:spi1=on
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  intfc:dtoverlay=spi1-flash
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  After restarting the Pi, execute command, /usr/local/sbin/rockpi4b_upgrade_bootloader.sh.
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  Step two: upgrade bootloader on uSD card or eMMC.
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  Boot device, uSD card or eMMC, is found. Would you like to upgrade bootloader on it?
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  If yes, type Y/y. If no, type N/n.
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Just type '''Y''' or '''y'''.
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  y
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  Backup bootloader on boot device (/dev/mmcblk1p2).
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  8192+0 records in
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  8192+0 records out
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  4194304 bytes (4.2 MB, 4.0 MiB) copied, 0.107356 s, 39.1 MB/s
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  Overwrite bootloader to boot device (/dev/mmcblk1p2).
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  2048+0 records in
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  2048+0 records out
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  1048576 bytes (1.0 MB, 1.0 MiB) copied, 0.140072 s, 7.5 MB/s
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  Done.
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Modify file, /boot/hw_intfc.conf. Uncomment these  lines.
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  intfc:uart4=off
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  intfc:spi1=on
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  intfc:dtoverlay=spi1-flash
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Reboot the machine.
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After login, there is a device '''/dev/mtd0'''.
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  $ ls /dev/mtd*
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  /dev/mtd0  /dev/mtd0ro  /dev/mtdblock0
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Execute command
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  $ sudo /usr/local/sbin/rockpi4b_upgrade_bootloader.sh
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Screen shows
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  You are currently running on board:
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  ROCK PI 4B
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  There will be two steps that you have to confirm. One is upgrading bootloader on SPI Flash.
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  The other is upgrading bootloader on eMMC or uSD card.
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  Step one: upgrade bootloader on SPI Flash
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  One boot device, SPI Flash, is found, would you like to upgrade bootloader on it?
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  The installation would cost several minutes.
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  If yes, type Y/y. If no, type N/n.
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Just type '''Y''' or '''y'''.
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  y
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  Overwrite bootloader to SPI Flash device.
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  Writing /dev/mtd0 with content of /usr/lib/u-boot-rockpi4b/spi/uboot-trust-spi.img
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  Erasing 4 Kibyte @ 3ff000 -- 100 % complete
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  Writing data to block 0 at offset 0x0
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  Writing data to block 1 at offset 0x1000
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  Writing data to block 2 at offset 0x2000
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  Writing data to block 3 at offset 0x3000
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  Writing data to block 4 at offset 0x4000
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  ...
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  Writing data to block 1020 at offset 0x3fc000
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  Writing data to block 1021 at offset 0x3fd000
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  Writing data to block 1022 at offset 0x3fe000
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  Writing data to block 1023 at offset 0x3ff000
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  Step two: upgrade bootloader on uSD card or eMMC
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  Boot device, uSD card or eMMC, is found. Would you like to upgrade bootloader on it?
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  If yes, type Y/y. If no, type N/n.
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Type '''N''' or '''n'''.
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  n
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  Do not overwrite bootloader to uSD card or eMMC device.
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  You can upgrade it by executing /usr/local/sbin/rockpi4b_upgrade_bootloader.sh later.
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  Done.
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== Step 2 Install ROCK Pi 4 system image to M.2 NVME SSD ==
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It is convenient to install system image to M.2 NVME SSD. System images used includes [https://dl.radxa.com/rockpi/images/ubuntu/rockpi4b-ubuntu-bionic-minimal-20190104_2101-gpt.img.gz Ubuntu Server] and [https://dl.radxa.com/rockpi/images/debian/rockpi4_debian_stretch_lxde_armhf_20181105_2120-gpt.img.gz Debian Desktop].
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Put the M.2 NVME SSD into M.2 NVMe SSD Reader Adapter, and then insert them to PC.
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When they are ready, use tool command '''dd''' or APP '''Etcher''' to install system image to M.2 NVME SSD.
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==== Use Etcher APP====
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Click [https://wiki.radxa.com/Rockpi4/install/NVME here].
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==== Use tool command "dd"====
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Get your NVME SSD device path:
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    sudo fdisk -l
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You can see the out put message just like this:
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    Disk '''/dev/nvme0n1''': 232.9 GiB, 250059350016 bytes, 488397168 sectors            #The '/dev/nvme0n1' is your NVME SSD device path
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    Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes                                         
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    Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes                         
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    I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
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Write Image:
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    sudo dd if=''''your image path'''' of=''''your NVME SSD device path'''' bs=1M           
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    #such as: sudo dd if=rockpi4-debian-stretch-desktop-arm64-20190710_1940-gpt.img of=/dev/nvme0n1 bs=1M
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== Step 3 Test M.2 NVME SSD booting from SPI Flash ==
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Power off ROCK Pi 4, remove eMMC module or uSD Card from ROCK Pi 4 since there is system image in eMMC module or uSD Card.
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Insert M.2 NVME SSD into ROCK Pi 4.
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Power on ROCK Pi 4 and the system runs on M.2 NVME SSD. Now we need to checkout some important information.
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lsusb to see whether the fourth partition is mounted on /boot directory. If not, just install package, rockchip-fstab, which will add the following lines in file /etc/fstab. If the contents of /etc/fstab are incorrect, just modify it. Then do '''sudo mount -a'''.
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The contents of files /etc/fstab.
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  # UNCONFIGURED FSTAB FOR BASE SYSTEM
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  # /etc/fstab: static file system information.
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  #
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  # <file system> <mount point>  <type>  <options>      <dump>  <pass>
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  /dev/nvme0n1p4  /boot  vfat    defaults        0      2
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'''lsusb''' should show like this when system runs on M.2 NVMEE SSD.
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  root@linaro-alip:/boot# lsblk
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  NAME        MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
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  nvme0n1    259:0    0 232.9G  0 disk
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  ├─nvme0n1p1 259:1    0  3.9M  0 part
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  ├─nvme0n1p2 259:2    0    4M  0 part
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  ├─nvme0n1p3 259:3    0    4M  0 part
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  ├─nvme0n1p4 259:4    0  112M  0 part /boot
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  └─nvme0n1p5 259:5    0 232.8G  0 part /
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Since the fourth partition, /dev/nvme0n1p4, is mounted on /boot directory. Now need to update necessary u-boot and kernel packages.
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  $ sudo apt-get install -y rockchip-overlay
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  $ sudo apt-get install -y linux-4.4-latest rockpi4-dtbo rockpi4b-rk-u-boot-latest
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Modify file, /boot/hw_intfc.conf. Uncomment these lines. Thus we can use SPI Flash device (/dev/mtd0)
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intfc:uart4=off
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intfc:spi1=on
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intfc:dtoverlay=spi1-flash
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Reboot the Pi.
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== FAQs ==
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* u-boot supporting NVME booting  verison
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** '''2017.09-2676-g4490220395''' (or newer)
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* kernel version
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** '''4.4.154-90-rockchip-ga14f6502e045''' (or newer)
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* rockpi4-dtbo version
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** 4 (or newer)
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* Debug log
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  rock@ubuntu:~$ ls /dev/mtd*
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  /dev/mtd0  /dev/mtd0ro  /dev/mtdblock0
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  rock@ubuntu:~$ cat /proc/mtd
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  dev:    size  erasesize  name
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  mtd0: 00400000 00001000 "loader"
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  rock@ubuntu:~$ sudo dmesg | grep spi 
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  [sudo] password for rock:
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  [    2.227001] rockchip-spi ff1d0000.spi: Failed to request TX DMA channel
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  [    2.227587] rockchip-spi ff1d0000.spi: Failed to request RX DMA channel
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  [    2.228171] rockchip-spi ff1d0000.spi: no high_speed pinctrl state
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  [    2.229257] m25p80 spi32766.0: xt25f32b (4096 Kbytes)
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  [    2.229715] 1 ofpart partitions found on MTD device spi32766.0
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  [    2.230273] Creating 1 MTD partitions on "spi32766.0":
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* Verified SPI Flash
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** W25Q64FV
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** GD25Q127CSIG
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** XT25F32B
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** XT25F128B
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* How to know that the image has been successfully installed to SPI Flash?
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** For the newest version of u-boot, when it runs, the red(or blue) led is on.
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** You can remove booting devices such as uSD card, eMMC module and so on. Power on ROCK Pi 4 with SPI Flash on board to see if the red(or blue)  led is on. If yes, it means that you make it.
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* Check if there is a SPI flash on ROCK Pi 4 board. See [[rockpi4/hardware/spi_flash | SPI Flash]].
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== Change log ==
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=== uboot-trust-spi-20190816_1128.img ===
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* Support MS Dos(MBR) partition table
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* Support Armbian system image for ROCK Pi 4.
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== Troubleshooting ==
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* If you have a issue, start a new post on the forum. https://forum.radxa.com/
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Latest revision as of 07:43, 17 September 2020