Rockpi4/dev/how-to-use-debian - Revision history

RadxaYuntian at 07:16, 24 March 2023

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RadxaYuntian at 03:40, 29 September 2022

2022-09-29T03:40:16Z

Stephen at 10:15, 15 September 2022

2022-09-15T10:15:16Z

Stephen at 09:23, 15 September 2022

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Stephen at 07:10, 15 September 2022

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Stephen: Created page with "{{rock4_header}} {{Languages|rockpi4/Debian}} ROCK 4 > Development > How to use Debian TOC ===..."

2022-09-15T04:13:29Z

Created page with "{{rock4_header}} {{Languages|rockpi4/Debian}} ROCK 4 > Development > How to use Debian __TOC__ ===..."

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{{rock4_header}}

{{Languages|rockpi4/Debian}}

[[rockpi4 | ROCK 4]] > [[rockpi4/dev | Development]] > [[rockpi4/dev/how-to-use-debian | How to use Debian]]

__TOC__

=== Introduction of ROCK 4 Debian ===

[[File:debian11-desktop.png | 800px ]]

ROCK 4 Debian is an easy to use desktop system. While working with ROCK 4 Debian, you will find it do well on playing music, Internet, Bluetooth, AI and so on.

ROCK 4 Debian uses systemd to manage system.

Command prepended by $ means the command may be executed by an unprivileged user. And command prepended by # means the command may be executed by an privileged user. But the symbol, $ or #, is not part of the command.

=== Debian Default User Account ===

Non-root User:

User Name : rock
Password : rock

or

User Name : linaro
Password : linaro

=== Root mode ===

rock is sudo user and switch to root can be done with the following command as user rock:

sudo su

For example:

rock@rockpi-4b:~$
rock@rockpi-4b:~$ sudo su
[sudo] password for rock:
root@rockpi-4b:/home/rock#

There is no password for root user by default. You can set the password via 'passwd root'.

root@rockpi-4b:/home/rock# passwd root
New password:
Retype new password:
passwd: password updated successfully
root@rockpi-4b:/home/rock#

=== Access from the Host PC/Laptop ===

==== Option 1: HDMI monitor and Mouse ====

You would see Desktop on HDMI monitor.

==== Option 2: SSH ====
SSH server is enabled on port 22 of ROCK default image.

Please use [https://angryip.org/ angryip] to find your board IP address.

$ ping ip-of-device
$ ssh rock@ip-of-device

==== Option 3: Serial console ====

Check [[rockpi4/dev/serial-console | Serial Console]]

===Setting time zone===

Change time zone (default time is UTC(Universal Time Coordinated) time, this example is how changed it to CST(China Standard Time)):

# ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime

=== Network Connection ===

There are two methods for network connection, Ethernet and WiFi.

==== Ethernet Connection ====
You can use a network cable (one end connected to the external network port or route) to connect your ROCK 4 to the network. The ROCK 4 will automatically configure the network for your surfing on the Internet.

===== To test the Ethernet, we need to follow the steps: =====
* Switch to super user mode by command
$ sudo su

* Check whether the Ethernet is normal by command, ifconfig. Here result shows us a network card, eth0, and the Ethernet IP address, 192.168.1.9. Also, use tool, ping, to connect to a normal domain.
$ ifconfig

$ ping www.baidu.com

* To check the bandwidth, we need another machine, Host Linux (example). Here we use ROCK 4 Desktop as a server, and Host Linux as a client
** Make sure there is iperf tool on your host PC. Maybe you can get it by $ sudo apt-get update, and $ sudo apt-get install iperf
** At the Debian terminal, execute the command, $ iperf -s
** At the Host Linux terminal, execute the command, $ iperf -c 192.168.1.9

===== Ethernet Test Result =====

* ROCK 4 Debian
[[File:Ethernet-check.png | 1000px ]]

* Host Linux
$ iperf -c 192.168.1.9
------------------------------------------------------------
Client connecting to 192.168.1.9, TCP port 5001
TCP window size: 85.0 KByte (default)
------------------------------------------------------------
[ 3] local 192.168.1.100 port 37604 connected with 192.168.1.9 port 5001
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth
[ 3] 0.0-10.0 sec 1.09 GBytes 940 Mbits/sec

You see, The Bandwidth of Ethernet is up to nearly 1000Mbits/sec. Of course, you are encouraged to set ROCK 4 Debian as a client and Host Linux as a server when testing Ethernet network performance.

==== WIFI Connection ====

When there is not a network cable for your ROCK Pi 4, the WIFI connection is another good choice. ROCK Pi 4 supports 2.4G and 5G WIFI wireless network.

===== To test the WIFI performance, we need to follow the steps: =====
* Switch to super user mode
$ sudo su

* Open the WIFI
$ nmcli r wifi on

* Scan WIFI
$ nmcli dev wifi

* Connect to WIFI network
$ nmcli dev wifi connect "wifi_name" password "wifi_password"

* Test WIFI perpormance by tool iperf

===== WIFI Test Result =====
* ROCK 4 Debian
[[File:wifi-check.png | 1000px ]]

Here we see wlan0 is working with the IP address, 192.168.31.139.
* Host Linux
$ iperf -c 192.168.1.10
------------------------------------------------------------
Client connecting to 192.168.1.10, TCP port 5001
TCP window size: 85.0 KByte (default)
------------------------------------------------------------
[ 3] local 192.168.1.100 port 60924 connected with 192.168.1.10 port 5001
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth
[ 3] 0.0-10.0 sec 234 MBytes 196 Mbits/sec

=== Using Bluetooth ===

Follow the [https://wiki.radxa.com/Rockpi4/radxa-apt#Introduction Guide of Radxa APT] to add Radxa APT.

We suggest that you add '''stretch-testing''' APT Source to get the newest packages.

Install packages:

$ sudo apt-get install -y broadcom-wifibt-firmware

Check bluetooth service

$ systemctl status bluetooth

Run bluetooth service

$ systemctl start bluetooth

Check bluetooth device

$ hciconfig
hci0: Type: Primary Bus: UART
BD Address: 43:45:C5:00:1F:AC ACL MTU: 1021:8 SCO MTU: 64:1
UP RUNNING
RX bytes:876 acl:0 sco:0 events:62 errors:0
TX bytes:4755 acl:0 sco:0 commands:62 errors:0

Example: Connect to Bluetooth Speaker

Run pulseaudio, otherwise ROCK Pi 4 will not be able to connect to device.

$ pulseaudio --start

Connect using bluetoothctl

# bluetoothctl
[NEW] Controller 43:45:C5:00:1F:AC linaro-alip [default]

[bluetooth]# default-agent
No agent is registered

[bluetooth]# power on
Changing power on succeeded

[bluetooth]# scan on
Discovery started
[CHG] Controller 43:45:C5:00:1F:AC Discovering: yes
[NEW] Device 22:22:30:23:04:00 22-22-30-23-04-00
[CHG] Device 34:D7:12:AE:36:55 RSSI: -77
[ NEW] Device 77:EC:79:4F:6B:AC HH-BTSP0003

[bluetooth]# pair 77:EC:79:4F:6B:AC
Attempting to pair with 77:EC:79:4F:6B:AC
[CHG] Device 77:EC:79:4F:6B:AC Connected: yes
[CHG] Device 77:EC:79:4F:6B:AC UUIDs: 00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb
[CHG] Device 77:EC:79:4F:6B:AC UUIDs: 0000110b-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb
[CHG] Device 77:EC:79:4F:6B:AC UUIDs: 0000110c-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb
[CHG] Device 77:EC:79:4F:6B:AC UUIDs: 0000110e-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb
[CHG] Device 77:EC:79:4F:6B:AC UUIDs: 0000111e-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb
[CHG] Device 77:EC:79:4F:6B:AC ServicesResolved: yes
[CHG] Device 77:EC:79:4F:6B:AC Paired: yes
Pairing successful
[CHG] Device 77:EC:79:4F:6B:AC ServicesResolved: no
[CHG] Device 77:EC:79:4F:6B:AC Connected: no

[bluetooth]# trust 77:EC:79:4F:6B:AC
[CHG] Device 77:EC:79:4F:6B:AC Trusted: yes
Changing 77:EC:79:4F:6B:AC trust succeeded

[bluetooth]# connect 77:EC:79:4F:6B:AC
Attempting to connect to 77:EC:79:4F:6B:AC
[CHG] Device 77:EC:79:4F:6B:AC Connected: yes
Connection successful
[HH-BTSP0003]# [ 79.574954] input: 77:EC:79:4F:6B:AC as /devices/virtual/input/input3
[CHG] Device 77:EC:79:4F:6B:AC ServicesResolved: yes
[HH-BTSP0003]#

Play songs and have a good time.

=== Test OpenGL ES ===

==== Use glmark2-es2 ====

[[File:OpenGL-ES.png | 1000px ]]
[[File:OpenGL-ES2_result.png | 1000px ]]

==== Use glmark2-es2-drm ====

If there is no tool glmark2-es2, you can use Use glmark2-es2-drm to test GPU.

===== Install glmark2 =====

$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt install -y git gcc g++ libpng-dev libjpeg-dev pkg-config libx11-dev libdrm-dev libgbm-dev libgbm1 libudev-dev
$ mkdir -p /home/rock/work
$ cd /home/rock/work
$ git clone https://github.com/glmark2/glmark2.git
$ cd glmark2/
$ ./waf configure --with-flavors=drm-glesv2
$ ./waf build -j 4
$ ./waf install

===== Install mali packages =====

$ sudo apt install -y rockchip-mali-midgard14=1.6-2
$ sudo apt install -y rockchip-mali-midgard-dev=1.6-2

===== Test OpenGL via glmark2-es2-drm =====

Change to console mode via 'Ctrl + Alt + F2'

And run the following commands:
$ glmark2-es2-drm

=== Work with M.2 NVME SSD ===

Before supplying power for ROCK Pi 4 board, connect a Samsung EVO 960 SSD to ROCK Pi 4 Board.

==== Running the following commands to use the M.2 NVME SSD. Here we use a newly launched M.2 SSD. ====

* Switch to super user mode
$ sudo su

* Check NVME devices.The character device /dev/nvme0 is the NVME device controller, and block devices like /dev/nvme0n1 are the NVME storage namespaces. Devies like /dev/nvmen0n1 are the actual storage, which will behave essentially as disks.
$ ls /dev/nvme*

* If there is not partition in NVME device, need to use tool fdisk to create one.
$ fdisk /dev/nvme0n1

* If create partition successfully, there should be at least one partition, /dev/nvme0n1p1. Then create a file system, like:
$ mkfs.ext4 /dev/nvme0n1p1

* Finally, mount the file system. You can absolutely create a new directory to be a mounted point.
$ mount /dev/nvme0n1p1 /mnt

*Remember, if you have a M.2 SSD that have already stored data, you just need to mount it.

==== Improve NVMe speed ====
By default, the PCIe of ROCK Pi 4 runs on Gen1 mode for the most capability. Once you confirm that your NVMe works well you can try to enable the PCIe gen2 mode to get the max speed of NVMe(reading/writing > 1000MB/s).

To enable PCIe gen2 mode, make sure your '''/boot''' is mounted:

mount | grep boot

edit '''/boot/hw_intfc.conf''', uncomment the line:

intfc:dtoverlay=pcie-gen2

save and reboot. You should have higher speed on NVMe.

=== Setting Volume ===

When you are listening the music or watching the movie, you may need to set the output devices, headphone jack on Board or audio output port on HDMI monitor.

[[File:set_volume_1.png | 1000px ]]
[[File:set_volume_2.png | 1000px ]]

=== Using Go ===

Go(also golang) runs well on Debian. To get golang do:
$ sudo su
$ apt-get update
$ apt-get install golang

=== Using Editor Emacs ===

Emacs runs well on Debian. To get emacs do:
$ sudo su
$ apt-get update
$ apt-get install emacs

You can start the program by command line or clicking on the Emacs Icon.
$ emacs

=== HDMI ===

Enable hotplug
$ sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/drm-hotplug.sh

=== DP ===

ROCK Pi 4C supports HDMI and DP at the same time.
Please confirm that the version of package rockchip-overlay is at least v2.9.

=== Radxa Display 10HD ===

ROCK Pi 4C Plus Debian supports Radxa Display 10HD [[rockpi4/hardware/display | Radxa Display 10HD]].

===Raspberry Pi 7 Inch LCD Screen===

ROCK Pi 4 Debian firmware support Rasberry Pi official 7 inch LCD screen [https://wiki.radxa.com/Rockpi4/Raspberry_Pi_official_LCD click here] to get more information.

===CPU Overclocking===

ROCK Pi4 Debian firmware support CPU overclocking dual Cortex-A72 core frequency can overclocking over 2GHz [https://wiki.radxa.com/Rockpi4/CPU_overclocking click here] to get more information.

===MIPI CSI Camera===

ROCK Pi4 support Raspberry pi official camera module v2 IMX219 now, [https://wiki.radxa.com/Rockpi4/MIPI_Camera click here] to know how use it.

===Fan ===

To control ROCK Pi 4C Plus fan, please use the following commands.

<pre>
echo 0 > /sys/class/pwm/pwmchip0/export
sleep 0.2
echo 40000 > /sys/class/pwm/pwmchip0/pwm0/period
sleep 0.2
echo 10000 > /sys/class/pwm/pwmchip0/pwm0/duty_cycle
sleep 0.2
echo normal > /sys/class/pwm/pwmchip0/pwm0/polarity
sleep 0.2
echo 1 > /sys/class/pwm/pwmchip0/pwm0/enable
</pre>

=== General purpose input-output (GPIO) ===

* ROCK Pi 4 has one 40-pin expansion header. To control them, see [[rockpi4/hardware/gpio | ROCK Pi 4 GPIO Pinout]].

=== Common Hardware Interfaces, I2C, PWM, SPI, UART, etc ===

The ROCK Pi 4 system images use hw_intfc.conf, provided by the package rockpi4-dtbo, to configure interfaces.

For more details about device tree overlays, see [[rockpi4/hardware/devtree_overlays | ROCK Pi 4 Device Tree Overlays]].

==== Install essential package ====

sudo apt-get install -y rockpi4-dtbo

==== I2C ====

Modify file /boot/hw_intfc.conf. Set "on" to enable the optional hardware interfaces while set "off" to disable.

intfc:i2c2=on
intfc:i2c6=on
intfc:i2c7=on

==== PWM ====

Modify file /boot/hw_intfc.conf. Set "on" to enable the optional hardware interfaces while set "off" to disable.

intfc:pwm0=on
intfc:pwm1=on

==== SPI ====

Modify file /boot/hw_intfc.conf. Set "on" to enable the optional hardware interfaces while set "off" to disable.

intfc:spi1=on
intfc:spi2=on
intfc:dtoverlay=devspi1
intfc:dtoverlay=devspi2

==== UART ====

Modify file /boot/hw_intfc.conf. Set "on" to enable the optional hardware interfaces while set "off" to disable.

intfc:uart2=on
intfc:uart4=on

And add "#" to line "intfc:dtoverlay=console-on-ttyS2"

#intfc:dtoverlay=console-on-ttyS2
#intfc:dtoverlay=console-on-ttyS4

Please note that when ROCK Pi 4 uart2 is connected with your devices like Raspberry Pi CAN/RS485 hat sending some data to uart2 on ROCK Pi 4. Please do the following step.

Check the file /boot/extlinux/extlinux.conf. And delete the following line.

menu title select kernel

==== Debug console ====

Modify file /boot/hw_intfc.conf. Set ttyS2 as debug console.

Disable UART2

intfc:uart2=off

And uncomment the following line.

intfc:dtoverlay=console-on-ttyS2

==== Use SPI Flash on board ====

Modify file /boot/hw_intfc.conf. Disable UART4 and enable SPI1. Besides, need to load spi1-flash overlay.

intfc:uart4=off
intfc:spi1=on
intfc:dtoverlay=spi1-flash

== Change logs ==

=== Kernel ===
{{Changelog_rockpi4_kernel}}

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:16, 24 March 2023
Line 6:		Line 6:

	__TOC__		__TOC__
		+
		+	== This page is currently out-dated ==
		+
		+	With the new system release, the existing documentations are out of date. We are currently in the process of updating the documentation, so please only taking the rest of this page as a general guideline.
		+
		+	Some key differences are:
		+
		+	* The default account is now '''radxa/radxa'''
		+	* SSH is disabled by default.
		+	This setting can be overridden by first flash the image to microSD card, then edit '''before.txt''' in '''config''' partition on your microSD card, and add <code>enable_service ssh</code> at end of the file.
		+	* Bluetooth firmware are now included.
		+	* You can use '''rsetup''' to manage overlays.

	== How to use Debian ==		== How to use Debian ==

@@ Line 7: / Line 7: @@
 __TOC__
-== How to use Deabian ==
+== How to use Debian ==
 === Introduction of ROCK 4 Debian ===
@@ Line 13: / Line 13: @@
 [[File:debian11-desktop.png | 800px ]]
-ROCK 4 Debian is an easy to use desktop system. While working with ROCK 4 Debian, you will find it do well on playing music, Internet, Bluetooth, AI and so on.
+ROCK 4 Debian is an easy to use desktop system. While working with ROCK 4 Debian, you will find it do well on playing music, Internet, BT, AI and so on.
 ROCK 4 Debian uses systemd to manage system.
@@ Line 257: / Line 257: @@
 </pre>
-=== Use Bluetooth ===
+=== Use BT ===
 Related packages:
@@ Line 263: / Line 263: @@
   $ sudo  apt-get install -y broadcom-wifibt-firmware
-Check bluetooth service
+Check BT service
   $ sudo systemctl status bluetooth
-Run bluetooth service
+Run BT service
   $ sudo  systemctl start bluetooth
-Check bluetooth device
+Check BT device
 <pre>
@@ Line 295: / Line 295: @@
 </pre>
-Example: Connect to Bluetooth Speaker
+Example: Connect to BT Speaker
 Run pulseaudio, otherwise ROCK 4 will not be able to connect to device.

@@ Line 411: / Line 411: @@
 </pre>
-====Raspberry Pi 7 Inch LCD Screen====
+====Raspberry Pi 7 Inch Touchscreen====
-ROCK 4 Debian firmware support Rasberry Pi official 7 inch LCD screen [https://wiki.radxa.com/Rockpi4/Raspberry_Pi_official_LCD click here] to get more information.
 ====CPU Overclocking====
-ROCK 4 Debian firmware support CPU overclocking dual Cortex-A72 core frequency can overclocking over 2GHz [https://wiki.radxa.com/Rockpi4/CPU_overclocking click here] to get more information.
 ====MIPI CSI Camera====
-ROCK Pi4 support Raspberry pi official camera module v2 IMX219 now, [https://wiki.radxa.com/Rockpi4/MIPI_Camera click here] to know how use it.
 ==== Radxa Display 10HD ====
@@ Line 585: / Line 585: @@
    $ glmark2-es2-drm
-==== Setting Volume ====
+==== Audio Test ====
 ==== Use Go ====

@@ Line 257: / Line 257: @@
 </pre>
-=== Using Bluetooth ===
+=== Use Bluetooth ===
-Follow the [https://wiki.radxa.com/Rockpi4/radxa-apt#Introduction Guide of Radxa APT] to add Radxa APT.
+Related packages:
-−
-We suggest that you add '''stretch-testing''' APT Source to get the newest packages.
+ $ sudo  apt-get install -y broadcom-wifibt-firmware
-−
-Install packages:
-−
-  $ sudo apt-get install -y broadcom-wifibt-firmware
 Check bluetooth service
-  $ systemctl status bluetooth
+ $ sudo systemctl status bluetooth
 Run bluetooth service
-  $ systemctl start bluetooth
+ $ sudo  systemctl start bluetooth
 Check bluetooth device
-  $ hciconfig
+<pre>
-  hci0:   Type: Primary  Bus: UART
+rock@rockpi-4b:~$ sudo hciconfig -a
-          BD Address: 43:45:C5:00:1F:AC  ACL MTU: 1021:8  SCO MTU: 64:1
+[sudo] password for rock:
-          UP RUNNING
+hci0:	Type: Primary  Bus: UART
-          RX bytes:876 acl:0 sco:0 events:62 errors:0
+	BD Address: E8:FB:1C:F5:5E:C2  ACL MTU: 1021:8  SCO MTU: 64:1
-          TX bytes:4755 acl:0 sco:0 commands:62 errors:0
+	UP RUNNING
 Example: Connect to Bluetooth Speaker
-Run pulseaudio, otherwise ROCK Pi 4 will not be able to connect to device.
+Run pulseaudio, otherwise ROCK 4 will not be able to connect to device.
    $ pulseaudio --start
@@ Line 292: / Line 303: @@
 Connect using bluetoothctl
    # bluetoothctl
-   [NEW] Controller 43:45:C5:00:1F:AC linaro-alip [default]
    [bluetooth]# default-agent
@@ Line 374: / Line 387: @@
 === HDMI ===
-Enable hotplug
+ROCK 4 Supports HDMI 4K.
- $ sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/drm-hotplug.sh
 === DP ===