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    [[rock5 | ROCK 5]] > [[rock5/guide | Guide]] > [[rock5/guide/radxa-ubuntu | How to use Radxa Official Ubuntu]]

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=== Introduction to ROCK 5 Ubuntu ===

This guide is available for official ROCK 5 (ROCK 5B, etc) Ubuntu images.

ROCK 5 Ubuntu server  is an easy to use system. While working with ROCK 5 Ubuntu Server, you will find it do well on playing music, Internet, Bluetooth, AI and so on.

ROCK 5 Ubuntu server uses '''systemd''' to manage system.

Command prepended by $ means the command may be executed by an unprivileged user.  And command prepended by # means the command may be executed by an privileged user. But the symbol, $ or #, is not part of the command.

=== List of boards supported ===

* ROCK 5B

=== Access from the Host PC/Laptop ===

==== Option 1: HDMI monitor and Mouse ====

You would see Desktop on HDMI monitor.

==== Option 2: Serial console ====

See [[rock5/dev/serial-console | Serial Console]]

==== Option 3: SSH ====

SSH server  is enabled on port 22 of ROCK 5 default image. 

Please use [https://angryip.org/ angryip] to find your board IP address.

 $ ping ip-of-device
 $ ssh rock@ip-of-device

=== Default User Account ===

Non-root User:

 User Name : rock
 Password  : rock

=== Root mode ===

rock is sudo user and switch to root can be done with the following command as user rock:

 sudo su

For example:

 rock@rock-5b:~$ 
 rock@rock-5b:~$ sudo su
 [sudo] password for rock: 
 root@rock-5b:/home/rock# 

There is no password for root user by default. You can set the password via 'passwd root'.

 root@rock-5b:/home/rock# passwd root
 New password: 
 Retype new password: 
 passwd: password updated successfully
 root@rock-5b:/home/rock#

=== Partition table ===

{| class="wikitable"
! Part Number || Offset || Name ||  Description 
|- 
|(raw) || 32KB  || loader1 || First stage loader
|-
|(raw) || 8MB  || loader2 || U-boot image
|-
| 1 || 16MB || boot ||Kernel partition, bootable
|-
| 2 || 528MB ||rootfs || Rootfs
|}

Offset when writing using '''dd'''

 dd if=idbloader.img   of=/dev/sdx seek=64
 dd if=u-boot.itb      of=/dev/sdx seek=16384 
 dd if=boot.img        of=/dev/sdx seek=32768 
 dd if=rootfs.img      of=/dev/sdx seek=1081344

=== Radxa APT ===

Radxa APT source includes stable one and testing one. Stable source includes stable packages while testing source includes latest but maybe unstable packages.

Radxa APT stable source is added by default while testing source is not added.

You can uncomment line like "deb http://apt.radxa.com/focal-testing/ buster main" in file /etc/apt/sources.list.d/apt-radxa-com.list to add testing source.

See file /etc/apt/sources.list.d/apt-radxa-com.list

 deb http://apt.radxa.com/focal-stable/ focal main
 deb http://apt.radxa.com/focal-testing/ focal main

After adding testing source, you need to update APT and install your needed packages.

 $ sudo apt-get update

For more detail about Radxa APT, please see [[rock5/linux/radxa-apt | Radxa APT]].

=== Upgrade necessary packages ===

Here is the example of upgrading rockchip-overlay and kernel packages.

 $ sudo apt-get update
 $ sudo apt-get install -y rockchip-overlay

=== Ethernet ===

<div class="bs-example bs-example-tabs">
        <ul id="tabeth" class="nav nav-tabs nav-justified nav-tabs" style="margin:0;">
            <li class="active" data-toggle="tab">[http://wiki.radxa.com/Nav_Tabs#5b-ethernet ROCK 5B]</li>     
        </ul>
</div>
        <div id="tabeth" class="tab-content">

            <div class="tab-pane active" id="5b-ethernet">
=== 5B Ethernet ===

ROCK 5B is equipped with one 2.5G Ethernet port.
You can use a network cable (one end connected to the external network port or route) to connect your ROCK 5B to the network.
The ROCK 5B will automatically configure the network for your surfing on the Internet.

Ethernet throughput test result table.

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Direction
! Bitrate
|-
| Upstream
| 2.34 Gbits/sec
|-
| Downstream
| 2.35 Gbits/sec
|}

===== To test the Ethernet, we need to follow the steps: =====

* Switch to super user mode by command
 $ sudo su

* Check whether the Ethernet is normal by command, ifconfig, which would show us a network card, eth0 or enP4p65s0 , and the Ethernet IP address. Also, use tool, ping, to connect to a normal domain. 

 $ ifconfig
 $ ping www.baidu.com

* If failed to connect to a normal domain. , try 

 $ sudo dhclient eth0
 or
 $ sudo dhclient enP4p65s0

            </div> <!--  id="5b-ethernet" end-->
        </div>

=== Storage device ===

* uSD Card: /dev/mmcblk0
* eMMC: /dev/mmcblk1
* NVME M.2 SDD:  /dev/nvme0n1

=== Changelog ===